cgal/iostream/doc_tex/IOstream/IOstream.tex

151 lines
3.9 KiB
TeX

All classes in the \cgal\ kernel provide input and output operators for
IO streams. The basic task of such an operator is to produce a
representation of an object that can be written as a sequence of
characters on devices as a console, a file, or a pipe. In \cgal\
we distinguish between a raw ascii, a raw binary and a
pretty printing format.
\ccEnum{enum Mode {ASCII = 0, BINARY, PRETTY};}{}
In \ccc{ASCII} mode, objects are written as
a set of numbers, e.g.\ the coordinates of a point or
the coefficients of a line, in a machine independent format.
In \ccc{BINARY} mode,
data are written in a binary format, e.g.\ a double is represented
as a sequence of four byte. The format depends on the machine.
The mode \ccc{PRETTY}
serves mainly for debugging as the type of the geometric
object is written, as well as the data defining the object. For example
for a point at the origin with Cartesian double coordinates, the output
would be \ccc{PointC2(0.0, 0.0)}. At the moment \cgal\ does not
provide input operations for pretty printed data. By default a stream
is in {\sc ascii} mode.
\ccThree{IO::Mode}{set_mode(std::ios& s, IO::Mode m);}{}
\cgal\ provides the following functions to modify the mode of an IO stream.
\ccFunction{IO::Mode set_mode(std::ios& s, IO::Mode m);}{}
\ccFunction{IO::Mode set_ascii_mode(std::ios& s);}{}
\ccGlue
\ccFunction{IO::Mode set_binary_mode(std::ios& s);}{}
\ccGlue
\ccFunction{IO::Mode set_pretty_mode(std::ios& s);}{}
The following functions allow to test whether a stream is in a certain mode.
\ccFunction{IO::Mode get_mode(std::ios& s);}{}
\ccFunction{bool is_ascii(std::ios& s);}{}
\ccGlue
\ccFunction{bool is_binary(std::ios& s);}{}
\ccGlue
\ccFunction{bool is_pretty(std::ios& s);}{}
%\newpage
\ccThree{ostream&}{operator<<( const Class &c);}{}
%\begin{ccClass} {ostream}
\section{Output Operator}
%\ccCreationVariable{os}
%\ccDefinition
\cgal\ defines output operators for classes that are derived
from the class \ccStyle{ostream}. This allows to write to ostreams
as \ccStyle{cout} or \ccStyle{cerr}, as well as to strstreams
and fstreams.
The output operator is defined for all classes in the \cgal\ kernel and for the class \ccc{Color} as well.
Let \ccc{os} be an output stream.
\ccFunction{ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Class c);}
{Inserts object \ccStyle{c} in the stream \ccc{os}. Returns \ccc{os}.}
\ccExample
\begin{cprog}
#include <CGAL/basic.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <CGAL/Cartesian.h>
#include <CGAL/Segment_2.h>
typedef CGAL::Point_2< CGAL::Cartesian<double> > Point;
typedef CGAL::Segment_2< CGAL::Cartesian<double> > Segment;
int main()
{
Point p(0,1), q(2,2);
Segment s(p,q);
CGAL::set_pretty_mode(std::cout);
std::cout << p << std::endl << q << std::endl;
std::ofstream f("data.txt");
CGAL::set_binary_mode(f);
f << s << p ;
return 1;
}
\end{cprog}
%\end{ccClass}
%\newpage
%\begin{ccClass} {istream}
\section{Input Operator}
%\ccDefinition
\cgal\ defines input operators for classes that are derived
from the class \ccStyle{istream}. This allows to read from istreams
as \ccStyle{cin}, as well as from strstreams and fstreams.
The input operator is defined for all classes in the \cgal\ kernel.
Let \ccc{is} be an input stream.
\ccFunction{istream& operator>>(istream& is, Class c);}
{Extracts object \ccStyle{c} from the stream \ccc{is}. Returns \ccc{is}.}
\ccExample
\begin{cprog}
#include <CGAL/basic.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <CGAL/Cartesian.h>
#include <CGAL/Segment_2.h>
typedef CGAL::Point_2< CGAL::Cartesian<double> > Point;
typedef CGAL::Segment_2< CGAL::Cartesian<double> > Segment;
int
main()
{
Point p, q;
Segment s;
CGAL::set_ascii_mode(std::cin);
std::cin >> p >> q;
std::ifstream f("data.txt");
CGAL::set_binary_mode(f);
f >> s >> p;
return 1;
}
\end{cprog}
%\end{ccClass}