mirror of https://github.com/CGAL/cgal
538 lines
14 KiB
C++
538 lines
14 KiB
C++
#ifndef CGAL_JAMA_SVD_H
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#define CGAL_JAMA_SVD_H
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#include <CGAL/PDB/basic.h>
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#include "tnt_array1d.h"
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#include "tnt_array1d_utils.h"
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#include "tnt_array2d.h"
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#include "tnt_array2d_utils.h"
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#include "tnt_math_utils.h"
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#include <algorithm>
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// for min(), max() below
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#include <cmath>
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// for abs() below
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CGAL_JAMA_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
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using namespace CGAL_TNT_NS;
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/** Singular Value Decomposition.
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<P>
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For an m-by-n matrix A with m >= n, the singular value decomposition is
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an m-by-n orthogonal matrix U, an n-by-n diagonal matrix S, and
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an n-by-n orthogonal matrix V so that A = U*S*V'.
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<P>
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The singular values, sigma[k] = S[k][k], are ordered so that
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sigma[0] >= sigma[1] >= ... >= sigma[n-1].
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<P>
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The singular value decompostion always exists, so the constructor will
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never fail. The matrix condition number and the effective numerical
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rank can be computed from this decomposition.
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<p>
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(Adapted from JAMA, a Java Matrix Library, developed by jointly
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by the Mathworks and NIST; see http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama).
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*/
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template <class Real>
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class SVD
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{
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Array2D<Real> U, V;
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Array1D<Real> s;
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int m, n;
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public:
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SVD (const Array2D<Real> &Arg) {
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m = Arg.dim1();
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n = Arg.dim2();
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int nu = min(m,n);
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s = Array1D<Real>(min(m+1,n));
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U = Array2D<Real>(m, nu, Real(0));
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V = Array2D<Real>(n,n);
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Array1D<Real> e(n);
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Array1D<Real> work(m);
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Array2D<Real> A(Arg.copy());
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int wantu = 1; /* boolean */
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int wantv = 1; /* boolean */
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int i=0, j=0, k=0;
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// Reduce A to bidiagonal form, storing the diagonal elements
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// in s and the super-diagonal elements in e.
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int nct = min(m-1,n);
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int nrt = max(0,min(n-2,m));
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for (k = 0; k < max(nct,nrt); k++) {
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if (k < nct) {
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// Compute the transformation for the k-th column and
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// place the k-th diagonal in s[k].
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// Compute 2-norm of k-th column without under/overflow.
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s[k] = 0;
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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s[k] = hypot(s[k],A[i][k]);
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}
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if (s[k] != 0.0) {
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if (A[k][k] < 0.0) {
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s[k] = -s[k];
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}
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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A[i][k] /= s[k];
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}
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A[k][k] += 1.0;
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}
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s[k] = -s[k];
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}
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for (j = k+1; j < n; j++) {
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if ((k < nct) && (s[k] != 0.0)) {
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// Apply the transformation.
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double t = 0;
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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t += A[i][k]*A[i][j];
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}
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t = -t/A[k][k];
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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A[i][j] += t*A[i][k];
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}
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}
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// Place the k-th row of A into e for the
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// subsequent calculation of the row transformation.
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e[j] = A[k][j];
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}
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if (wantu & (k < nct)) {
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// Place the transformation in U for subsequent back
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// multiplication.
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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U[i][k] = A[i][k];
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}
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}
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if (k < nrt) {
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// Compute the k-th row transformation and place the
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// k-th super-diagonal in e[k].
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// Compute 2-norm without under/overflow.
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e[k] = 0;
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for (i = k+1; i < n; i++) {
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e[k] = hypot(e[k],e[i]);
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}
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if (e[k] != 0.0) {
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if (e[k+1] < 0.0) {
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e[k] = -e[k];
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}
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for (i = k+1; i < n; i++) {
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e[i] /= e[k];
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}
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e[k+1] += 1.0;
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}
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e[k] = -e[k];
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if ((k+1 < m) & (e[k] != 0.0)) {
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// Apply the transformation.
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for (i = k+1; i < m; i++) {
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work[i] = 0.0;
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}
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for (j = k+1; j < n; j++) {
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for (i = k+1; i < m; i++) {
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work[i] += e[j]*A[i][j];
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}
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}
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for (j = k+1; j < n; j++) {
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double t = -e[j]/e[k+1];
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for (i = k+1; i < m; i++) {
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A[i][j] += t*work[i];
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}
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}
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}
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if (wantv) {
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// Place the transformation in V for subsequent
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// back multiplication.
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for (i = k+1; i < n; i++) {
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V[i][k] = e[i];
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}
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}
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}
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}
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// Set up the final bidiagonal matrix or order p.
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int p = min(n,m+1);
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if (nct < n) {
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s[nct] = A[nct][nct];
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}
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if (m < p) {
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s[p-1] = 0.0;
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}
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if (nrt+1 < p) {
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e[nrt] = A[nrt][p-1];
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}
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e[p-1] = 0.0;
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// If required, generate U.
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if (wantu) {
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for (j = nct; j < nu; j++) {
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for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
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U[i][j] = 0.0;
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}
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U[j][j] = 1.0;
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}
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for (k = nct-1; k >= 0; k--) {
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if (s[k] != 0.0) {
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for (j = k+1; j < nu; j++) {
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double t = 0;
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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t += U[i][k]*U[i][j];
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}
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t = -t/U[k][k];
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for (i = k; i < m; i++) {
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U[i][j] += t*U[i][k];
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}
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}
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for (i = k; i < m; i++ ) {
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U[i][k] = -U[i][k];
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}
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U[k][k] = 1.0 + U[k][k];
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for (i = 0; i < k-1; i++) {
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U[i][k] = 0.0;
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}
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} else {
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for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
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U[i][k] = 0.0;
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}
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U[k][k] = 1.0;
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}
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}
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}
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// If required, generate V.
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if (wantv) {
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for (k = n-1; k >= 0; k--) {
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if ((k < nrt) & (e[k] != 0.0)) {
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for (j = k+1; j < nu; j++) {
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double t = 0;
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for (i = k+1; i < n; i++) {
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t += V[i][k]*V[i][j];
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}
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t = -t/V[k+1][k];
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for (i = k+1; i < n; i++) {
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V[i][j] += t*V[i][k];
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}
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}
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}
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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V[i][k] = 0.0;
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}
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V[k][k] = 1.0;
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}
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}
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// Main iteration loop for the singular values.
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int pp = p-1;
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int iter = 0;
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double eps = pow(2.0,-52.0);
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while (p > 0) {
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int k=0;
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int kase=0;
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// Here is where a test for too many iterations would go.
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// This section of the program inspects for
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// negligible elements in the s and e arrays. On
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// completion the variables kase and k are set as follows.
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// kase = 1 if s(p) and e[k-1] are negligible and k<p
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// kase = 2 if s(k) is negligible and k<p
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// kase = 3 if e[k-1] is negligible, k<p, and
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// s(k), ..., s(p) are not negligible (qr step).
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// kase = 4 if e(p-1) is negligible (convergence).
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for (k = p-2; k >= -1; k--) {
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if (k == -1) {
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break;
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}
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if (abs(e[k]) <= eps*(abs(s[k]) + abs(s[k+1]))) {
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e[k] = 0.0;
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break;
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}
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}
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if (k == p-2) {
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kase = 4;
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} else {
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int ks;
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for (ks = p-1; ks >= k; ks--) {
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if (ks == k) {
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break;
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}
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double t = (ks != p ? abs(e[ks]) : 0.) +
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(ks != k+1 ? abs(e[ks-1]) : 0.);
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if (abs(s[ks]) <= eps*t) {
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s[ks] = 0.0;
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break;
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}
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}
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if (ks == k) {
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kase = 3;
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} else if (ks == p-1) {
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kase = 1;
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} else {
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kase = 2;
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k = ks;
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}
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}
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k++;
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// Perform the task indicated by kase.
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switch (kase) {
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// Deflate negligible s(p).
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case 1: {
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double f = e[p-2];
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e[p-2] = 0.0;
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for (j = p-2; j >= k; j--) {
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double t = hypot(s[j],f);
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double cs = s[j]/t;
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double sn = f/t;
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s[j] = t;
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if (j != k) {
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f = -sn*e[j-1];
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e[j-1] = cs*e[j-1];
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}
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if (wantv) {
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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t = cs*V[i][j] + sn*V[i][p-1];
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V[i][p-1] = -sn*V[i][j] + cs*V[i][p-1];
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V[i][j] = t;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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break;
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// Split at negligible s(k).
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case 2: {
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double f = e[k-1];
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e[k-1] = 0.0;
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for (j = k; j < p; j++) {
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double t = hypot(s[j],f);
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double cs = s[j]/t;
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double sn = f/t;
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s[j] = t;
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f = -sn*e[j];
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e[j] = cs*e[j];
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if (wantu) {
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for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
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t = cs*U[i][j] + sn*U[i][k-1];
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U[i][k-1] = -sn*U[i][j] + cs*U[i][k-1];
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U[i][j] = t;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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break;
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// Perform one qr step.
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case 3: {
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// Calculate the shift.
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double scale = max(max(max(max(
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abs(s[p-1]),abs(s[p-2])),abs(e[p-2])),
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abs(s[k])),abs(e[k]));
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double sp = s[p-1]/scale;
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double spm1 = s[p-2]/scale;
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double epm1 = e[p-2]/scale;
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double sk = s[k]/scale;
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double ek = e[k]/scale;
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double b = ((spm1 + sp)*(spm1 - sp) + epm1*epm1)/2.0;
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double c = (sp*epm1)*(sp*epm1);
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double shift = 0.0;
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if ((b != 0.0) || (c != 0.0)) {
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shift = sqrt(b*b + c);
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if (b < 0.0) {
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shift = -shift;
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}
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shift = c/(b + shift);
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}
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double f = (sk + sp)*(sk - sp) + shift;
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double g = sk*ek;
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// Chase zeros.
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for (j = k; j < p-1; j++) {
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double t = hypot(f,g);
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double cs = f/t;
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double sn = g/t;
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if (j != k) {
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e[j-1] = t;
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}
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f = cs*s[j] + sn*e[j];
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e[j] = cs*e[j] - sn*s[j];
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g = sn*s[j+1];
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s[j+1] = cs*s[j+1];
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if (wantv) {
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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t = cs*V[i][j] + sn*V[i][j+1];
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V[i][j+1] = -sn*V[i][j] + cs*V[i][j+1];
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V[i][j] = t;
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}
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}
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t = hypot(f,g);
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cs = f/t;
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sn = g/t;
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s[j] = t;
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f = cs*e[j] + sn*s[j+1];
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s[j+1] = -sn*e[j] + cs*s[j+1];
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g = sn*e[j+1];
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e[j+1] = cs*e[j+1];
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if (wantu && (j < m-1)) {
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for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
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t = cs*U[i][j] + sn*U[i][j+1];
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U[i][j+1] = -sn*U[i][j] + cs*U[i][j+1];
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U[i][j] = t;
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}
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}
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}
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e[p-2] = f;
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iter = iter + 1;
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}
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break;
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// Convergence.
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case 4: {
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// Make the singular values positive.
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if (s[k] <= 0.0) {
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s[k] = (s[k] < 0.0 ? -s[k] : 0.0);
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if (wantv) {
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for (i = 0; i <= pp; i++) {
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V[i][k] = -V[i][k];
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}
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}
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}
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// Order the singular values.
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while (k < pp) {
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if (s[k] >= s[k+1]) {
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break;
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}
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double t = s[k];
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s[k] = s[k+1];
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s[k+1] = t;
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if (wantv && (k < n-1)) {
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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t = V[i][k+1]; V[i][k+1] = V[i][k]; V[i][k] = t;
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}
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}
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if (wantu && (k < m-1)) {
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for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
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t = U[i][k+1]; U[i][k+1] = U[i][k]; U[i][k] = t;
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}
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}
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k++;
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}
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iter = 0;
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p--;
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}
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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void getU (Array2D<Real> &A)
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{
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int minm = min(m+1,n);
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A = Array2D<Real>(m, minm);
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for (int i=0; i<m; i++)
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for (int j=0; j<minm; j++)
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A[i][j] = U[i][j];
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}
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/* Return the right singular vectors */
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void getV (Array2D<Real> &A)
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{
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A = V;
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}
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/** Return the one-dimensional array of singular values */
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void getSingularValues (Array1D<Real> &x)
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{
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x = s;
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}
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/** Return the diagonal matrix of singular values
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@return S
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*/
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void getS (Array2D<Real> &A) {
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A = Array2D<Real>(n,n);
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
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A[i][j] = 0.0;
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}
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A[i][i] = s[i];
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}
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}
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/** Two norm (max(S)) */
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double norm2 () {
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return s[0];
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}
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/** Two norm of condition number (max(S)/min(S)) */
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double cond () {
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return s[0]/s[min(m,n)-1];
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}
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/** Effective numerical matrix rank
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@return Number of nonnegligible singular values.
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*/
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int rank ()
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{
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double eps = pow(2.0,-52.0);
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double tol = max(m,n)*s[0]*eps;
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int r = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < s.dim(); i++) {
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if (s[i] > tol) {
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r++;
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}
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}
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return r;
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}
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};
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CGAL_JAMA_END_NAMESPACE
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#endif
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// JAMA_SVD_H
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